Google Sheets Formulas Cheat Sheet

Master Google Sheets with our comprehensive formulas reference guide. From basic math to powerful Google-exclusive functions like QUERY, ARRAYFORMULA, and IMPORTRANGE — find syntax, examples, and expert tips for every essential formula.

Found 9 formulas matching "TODAY"

TODAY()

Date & Time

Returns the current date

Syntax:

=TODAY()

Examples:

=TODAY()

Current date

=TODAY()-A1

Days since date in A1

=TODAY()+30

Date 30 days from now

Note: Updates every time the sheet recalculates

WORKDAY()

Date & Time

Returns a date a specified number of working days from a start date

Syntax:

=WORKDAY(start_date, num_days, [holidays])

Examples:

=WORKDAY(TODAY(), 5)

5 business days from today

=WORKDAY(A1, -3)

3 business days before A1

=WORKDAY(A1, 10, D1:D5)

10 business days, excluding holidays

Note: Skips weekends automatically; provide holidays list to also skip those

CHOOSE()

Lookup & Reference

Returns a value from a list based on a position index

Syntax:

=CHOOSE(index, value1, [value2], ...)

Examples:

=CHOOSE(A1, "Mon", "Tue", "Wed")

Return day name from number

=CHOOSE(WEEKDAY(TODAY(),2),"Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat","Sun")

Today's day name

Note: index must be a number from 1 to 254

DATEDIF()

Date & Time

Calculates the difference between two dates in specified units

Syntax:

=DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit)

Examples:

=DATEDIF(A1, TODAY(), "Y")

Age in complete years

=DATEDIF(A1, B1, "M")

Months between two dates

=DATEDIF(A1, B1, "D")

Days between two dates

Note: Units: Y (years), M (months), D (days), YM, YD, MD for partial periods

EDATE()

Date & Time

Returns a date a specified number of months before/after a start date

Syntax:

=EDATE(start_date, months)

Examples:

=EDATE(A1, 3)

3 months after date in A1

=EDATE(TODAY(), -1)

Same day last month

=EDATE(A1, 12)

1 year after A1

Note: Negative months go backward in time

EOMONTH()

Date & Time

Returns the last day of the month a specified number of months away

Syntax:

=EOMONTH(start_date, months)

Examples:

=EOMONTH(TODAY(), 0)

Last day of current month

=EOMONTH(A1, 1)

Last day of next month from A1

=EOMONTH(A1, -1)+1

First day of current month

Note: months=0 returns end of current month

NETWORKDAYS()

Date & Time

Returns the number of working days between two dates

Syntax:

=NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays])

Examples:

=NETWORKDAYS(A1, B1)

Business days between A1 and B1

=NETWORKDAYS(TODAY(), A1, D1:D10)

Working days to deadline, excluding holidays

Note: Excludes weekends (Sat/Sun) and optionally specified holidays

WEEKDAY()

Date & Time

Returns the day of the week as a number

Syntax:

=WEEKDAY(date, [type])

Examples:

=WEEKDAY(TODAY())

Day of week (1=Sun to 7=Sat by default)

=WEEKDAY(A1, 2)

Type 2: 1=Mon to 7=Sun

=IF(WEEKDAY(A1,2)>5, "Weekend", "Weekday")

Classify as weekday or weekend

Note: Type 1 (default): 1=Sunday. Type 2: 1=Monday. Type 3: 0=Monday

ISOWEEKNUM()

Date & Time

Returns the ISO week number of the year for a given date

Syntax:

=ISOWEEKNUM(date)

Examples:

=ISOWEEKNUM(TODAY())

Current ISO week number

=ISOWEEKNUM(DATE(2024, 1, 1))

Week number of Jan 1, 2024

Note: ISO weeks start on Monday; week 1 is the first week with a Thursday in it

Google Sheets Mastery Guide

Beginner

Start with calculations and basic data organisation

Intermediate

Master lookups and Google-specific power features

Advanced

QUERY language, regex, and live data imports

📊 What is Google Sheets?

Google Sheets is a free, cloud-based spreadsheet application from Google, available as part of Google Workspace. First launched in 2006, it has grown into a powerful alternative to Microsoft Excel — and in several areas surpasses it, with unique features like real-time collaboration, built-in QUERY language, live data imports, and formulas for translating text and fetching stock prices directly in a cell.

🚀 Core Capabilities

  • ✓ Real-time collaboration: Multiple users edit simultaneously
  • ✓ Cloud storage: Auto-saves to Google Drive
  • ✓ QUERY formula: SQL-like data analysis in a cell
  • ✓ Live data imports: IMPORTHTML, IMPORTXML, GOOGLEFINANCE
  • ✓ ARRAYFORMULA: Apply formulas to entire columns instantly
  • ✓ Apps Script: JavaScript-based automation and macros

💼 Google Sheets Exclusive Functions

  • ⭐ QUERY: SQL-like language for filtering and aggregating data
  • ⭐ ARRAYFORMULA: Array operations without Ctrl+Shift+Enter
  • ⭐ IMPORTRANGE: Pull data live from another spreadsheet
  • ⭐ GOOGLETRANSLATE: Translate text between 100+ languages
  • ⭐ GOOGLEFINANCE: Live stock prices and financial data
  • ⭐ SPARKLINE: Mini charts directly inside a cell

⚡ Google Sheets vs. Excel

Google Sheets Advantages

  • • Free to use with a Google account
  • • Real-time multi-user collaboration
  • • QUERY, ARRAYFORMULA, FILTER, UNIQUE built-in
  • • Live web data imports (IMPORTHTML, IMPORTXML)
  • • Version history with per-cell tracking
  • • Works in any browser, no install needed

Excel Advantages

  • • More powerful PivotTables and data model
  • • Better performance with very large datasets
  • • VBA macros for complex automation
  • • More chart types and formatting options
  • • Power Query for ETL operations
  • • Industry standard in finance and enterprise

Google Sheets Pro Tips

ARRAYFORMULA shortcut: Press Ctrl+Shift+Enter in a cell to automatically wrap your formula with ARRAYFORMULA — applies it to the entire column instantly.

QUERY SQL-like syntax: Use SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, LIMIT just like SQL — e.g. QUERY(A:D, "SELECT A, SUM(D) GROUP BY A")

IMPORTRANGE cross-sheet tip: Paste the full Google Sheets URL as the first argument. You only need to grant access once — after that, data syncs live between spreadsheets automatically.

FILTER with OR logic: Use + between conditions (not OR()) — e.g. FILTER(A:B, (A:A="X")+(B:B="Y"))

Master Google Sheets formulas with practice. Bookmark this page for quick reference! ⭐ marks Google-exclusive functions.

📊 99 Total Formulas 🏷️ 10 Categories ⭐ Google-Exclusive Functions